In the introduction to this lesson, we saw several examples of iomlaid (inversion).
We learned this essential structure first at A2 and again several times at B1
Modal phrases or verbs are the most common reason for this inversion.
That’s where we say there is a miann (desire), comas (ability), or riatanas (necessity) to do something.
Tha iad a’ togail thaighean.
They are building houses.
However, with a modal situation/setting:
Feumaidh iad taighean a thogail.
They need to build houses.
Tha iad ag iarraidh an obair a dhèanamh.
They want to do the work.
‘S urrainn dhaibh an taigh a thogail an seo.
They can build the house here.
Just as we saw with ga, there are also several situations with iomlaid (inversion) where we use the buadhairean sealbhach (possessive adjectives). But with inversion, If a pronoun stands in place of the noun, we don’t use gam, gad etc. but the possessive adjectives on their own: mo, do, a, a (h-), ar (n-), ur (n-), an/am instead.
Feumaidh iad an togail.
They need to build them. (houses, plural)
Tha iad ag iarraidh a dèanamh.
They want to do it. (the work, feminine)
‘S urrainn dhaibh a thogail an seo.
They can build it here. (the house, masculine)
We have also seen that the gnàthas-cainnte fulangach le rach (passive idiom with rach (go)) will cause the same word order:
Chaidh taighean a thogail.
Houses got built.
Chaidh an togail sa bhaile.
They got built in the town. (‘their building’)
We also use the possessive adjectives with the structar choileanta (perfect structure) which we learned with air:
Bha taighean air an togail san fhrith-bhaile.
Houses were built in the suburbs.
Tha an taigh air a thogail a-nis.
The house is built now.
Remember that the possessive adjectives, and the forms of ga, sometimes change the first letter that follows them:
LENITION | H-VOWEL | ||
mo | do | a | a h- |
gam | gad | ga | ga h- |
N-VOWEL | (G)AM – BFMP | |
ar n- | ur n- | an | gam |
gar n- | gur n- | gan | gam |